Globalization (Extended Analysis) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Globalization (Extended Analysis) - Essay Example Moreover, it never realized that state alone could not produce enough of wealth without people participation willingly – not forcefully. Also, it failed to understand that non-efficient or laggards could not be equated with efficient and committed workers in terms of rewards. Capitalism by its very philosophy rewards those who contribute most in the wealth generation. It is also true that communism did thwart the process of globalization at least until 1989 when the entire communist bloc, in principle and practice, collapsed completely across Europe and other parts of the world. It is obvious that when one political system or ideology – especially, when it has generated a great deal of hopes, fails miserably; people begin to look at other political system – ignoring whatever shortcoming it may have and that is what precisely happened. Capitalism bulldozed the old rotten ideas of socialism completely and began spreading its wings across most part of the world. It is perfectly fine to state that capitalism and globalization, in last two decades, went ahead neck to neck. Though the failure of communism is certainly one of the reasons for giving a way to globalization but it is equally true that technology and internet has been instrumental in accelerating the pace of globalization. It is because of the internet that messages get transmitted from one end to another in few seconds without any help from postal or courier services. Due to this, peoples across the world with different cultures, creeds and races have started feeling much closer than ever in the history of mankind. People need not move from one country to another for accomplishment of any task. A capital transfer from one country to another is virtually instantaneous without any inhibitions. Currency markets are now working round-the-clock and capital moves from one country to another just by click of a mouse. The fact remains that, if any country refuses to acknowledge or participat e in this process then it is certain to bring misery for its people. All said above, it should never be construed that globalization is a panacea for all evils. Barber correctly argues, â€Å"The collapse of state communism has not delivered people to a safe democratic haven† (29). According to Barber, the world is now racing ahead with Jihad and McWorld side by side. He further argues that Jihad and McWorld are not important in themselves; however, their relationship is important because anarchy rules them both. Both lack conscious and collective human control. Barber opposes both Jihad and McWorld equally. While Jihad emerges from narrowly conceived faiths that belie mutual dependence and social cooperation of people for growth and stability, McWorld tends to develop colonizing culture. Barber may be true in acknowledging that jihad is prospering in some parts of the world in last few decades but it is not an outcome of globalization. It is technology that has facilitated t hem. Further, I do not agree with him that both are interdependent. Globalization has more to do with economic system or free market economy that rests on efficiency of operations and comparative advantages of the nations. The proportion of â€Å"Jihadis† is very small compared to the total global population and majority of the world population do not

Summery - `The Living Conditions of Chittagong University Essay Example for Free

Summery `The Living Conditions of Chittagong University Essay The Impact of residential life influences personal, academic, emotional and spiritual growth, development and adjustment of a student. Much research has documented how residential environment affects the development of students. Brilliantes, Aga and others have shown in their study The Living Conditions of university Students In Boarding Houses and Dormitories In Davao City, Philippines that the facllltles and the environment of students dormitories significantly Influence their well-being holistically. (Brilliantes ; Aga: 2012). Maya Brennan claimed In one of her research hat affordable (reasonable) housing developments may function as a platform for educational Improvement by provldlng a forum (Opportunity) for residential-based after school program. (Brennan: 20111. Shaikh and Deschamps elicited that Student living in university residences experience frail (Weak/ in poor health) living conditions, being away from their homes and families, the stress (Pressure) of studies, a bizarre (Irregular) routine, and absence of readily (Willingly) available guidance. This condition derictly related with overall well-being of the students of a University. (Shaik ; Deschamps: 2006). Significant number of works on this topic previously done worldwide beside above mentioned studies. In particular, according to Barger ; Lynch, A series of studies undertaken at the university of Florida in Gainesville by Alsobrook (1962), Carter (1966), Clark (1 963), Decoster (1970), Lynch (1970). MacDonald (1968), Musselman (1967), Ridge (1968) and Stormer (1971) highlighted the impact of the mix of student characteristics and the effectiveness of leadership on the quality of life that develops in the residence hall. (Barger ; Lynch: 1973) But in Bangladesh, study regarding living condition of university students and how esidential environment affect students well-being is beyond our minds eye, because of the unavailability of such kinds of work. A study has been conducted on Quality of Education and Campus Violence under FREPD (Foundation for Research on Educational Planning and Development. The team of this research explored how campus violence affects quality of education of a student. (Ahmed: 2000). So, we find lack of priority in research on quality study of university environment especially how students lead their lives In university arena. In this point of view and with the onsideration of above discussion, It Is more contextual to study on the llvlng condition of university students and their hollstlc welfare depends on residential environment. Summery The Living Conditions of Chittagong University Students in Halls and Cottages . By miahhanif The impact of residential life influences personal, academic, emotional and spiritual and others have shown in their study The Living Conditions of University Students in Boarding Houses and Dormitories in Davao City, Philippines that the facilities and the environment of students dormitories significantly influence their well-being olistically. (Brilliantes ; Aga: 2012).

Modern Versus Traditional Views in Chaim Potok’s The Chosen :: Potok Chosen Essays

Modern Versus Traditional Views in Chaim Potok’s The Chosen Chaim Potok’s The Chosen shows how people with traditional ideas view the world differently than those with modern ideas. For example, David Malter has modern views of his faith, whereas Reb Saunders cannot let go of traditional practices. Also, Reb Saunders and David Malter have different methods of raising their children. Finally, David Malter believes in Zionism, whereas Reb Saunders wants to wait for the coming of the Messiah to preserve his religion. Such differences can cause similar faiths to seem very different. David Malter’s modern ideas conflict with Reb Saunders's traditional practices. For example, David Malter wants his son, Reuven, to learn English subjects and become a mathematician. However, a Jewish school established by Reb Saunders teaches the minimum required English subjects. Reb wishes for Danny to become a rabbi and carry a tradition in which the oldest son becomes a rabbi and the leader of the sect. These opposing views are carried out in all other aspects of the religious sects in which these men lead. The way in which Reb Saunders and David Malter raise their children reflect the conflict between tradition and modernity in this story. David Malter raises Reuven with a modern approach. He encourages Reuven to learn about the modern world as well as hold on to his religion. Reb Saunders to shelter Danny from modern ideas. With the exception of teaching Danny about the Talmud, he raises Danny in silence. He has his own reasons for raising Danny this way. â€Å"I did not want to drive him away from God, but I did not want him to grow up a mind without a soul† (Page 266). Reb Saunders raises his son through a tradition that has been in his family for a long time. However, he accomplishes his goal. His method of raising his son is dramatically different from David Malter’s modern practice. The results are also different. Danny has gone through much more pain and suffering than Reuven, and he chooses to carry on this practice if he must. Modernity and trad ition present in the different ideas of these men influences the lives and ideas of their children as well.

Consumer Society Essay

Write an essay that outlines the view that a consumer society is a divided society. In response to this statement, there needs to be consideration as to whether or not a consumer society, like the one we live in in the UK, is a divided one or not and if so then where these divisions are displayed. Therefore throughout this essay, I’m going to explore some potential divides within society, specifically looking at division between the rich and poor, able-bodied and less able, and lastly the division created between those who have power to influence where we shop and those that do not have as much power, drawing on the example of supermarkets vs. small shop keepers on the high street influencing the consumer public. I will be using ideas from social scientists such as Bauman and Susman to further illustrate my points. As I examine evidence on potential divisions I hope to conclude that the consumer society, in which we live in, is moreover a divided one. Good, well done a cracking introduction here Gwen. This is just fine. Firstly, it could be argued that a division can be seen in a consumer society between the rich and poor. Because we live in a society where you are judged by what you consume, if you do not have much money to consume in the first place then it’s easy to see how someone who is poor may feel lesser or on the outskirts. What we ‘are in to’ and therefore what we consume not only gives us our identity and personality in the contemporary UK (Susman, cited in Hetherington, 2009, p 42), but also gives us our value within society. Kevin Hetherington in chapter one of the material lives strand, shows us a graph that displays what the average weekly household expenditure on main commodities and services in 2007 (Hetherington, 2009, p 24).*1* Transport is seen to be the top weekly expense, as it’s an essential. People might need to travel to work in order to make money for a consumer lifestyle; however the second highest expenditure was, surprisingly, recreation and culture. This category was higher than food and non-alcoholic drink. Hetherington describes this piece of evidence as ‘noteworthy’ presumably because it highlights how our society has become a consumeristic. We spend more money on things we ‘are in to’ than groceries in a week. If you are poorer than the average person in the UK, then it would be very difficult to fit into a society that revolves around consuming when you cannot. *2* Zygmunt Bauman depicts this division between poor and rich in his concept of the seduced and the repressed (Bauman, cited in Hetherington, 2009, p25+26). According to him, people that live in contemporary western society can be roughly put into two categories. The seduced being those who are able to ‘consume effectively’; they are employed, or young and good looking or have a particular skill that is valued financially within society. The repressed might be those that are old without a good pension, or the homeless. These people are repressed as they, more often than not, do not have the means to consume effectively and are therefore valued less in society. This causes a division as they are likely to not feel accepted by the majority who are able to consume. *1* Good content but try to be briefer, no need at all to refer to the module: â€Å"Hetherington displays a graph showing average household expenditure in 2007 (Hetherington, 2009, p 24)†.* *2* Here is where you could helpfully split this paragraph, the first section could have your main point emphasised again and then this would make a good paragraph on its own. People with disabilities might also be seen to fit into the repressed category Bauman speaks of, as they are not always able to go shopping for themselves and a lot of their money arguably goes on facilitating a life in which it is hard to get around. Furthermore, people who are mentally disabled might not have the capacity to know what sorts of things to consume in order for them to fit in with the latest fashion or with the people they’d like to be friends with. Additionally, people that are physically disabled might not only feel excluded by not having the means to consume effectively and therefore fit in with others, but may also be physically excluded as most shopping malls or places of social activity do not cater for someone who is physically impaired. Most shopping malls in particular have escalators, or stairs, or walkways without railings which means those who are disabled are not able to go into these places. This creates a divide between those who are able and those who are less able and can be seen to convey, whether it’s fair or not, that in society, there are winners and losers, people who lose out and people who are winning in the capitalistic race. Excellent content, I appreciate this is your own approach but it is relevant. However, if you find a suitable brief quote from the course it would be better evidenced, you can always do this appropriately but paragraphs without references just show you are not using course material and drop your marks down. This depiction of winners and losers within society is further seen in the tension between supermarkets and small shop keepers on the high street, which can also be described as those that have the power to influence where we shop and those that do not have as much power. This tension is evidently seen in the local market statistics and the falling number of independently owned shops, as well as factory surveys and local case st udies that highlight poverty and hardship (Allen, 2009, p93). Farmer’s markets and independently owned shops on the high street were once the most popular places to shop and were seen by some to contribute to the feeling of community in towns and small cities. *2* However in contemporary consumer society the majority of people are shopping a lot more at big supermarkets and chain stores, resulting in smaller shop keepers going out of business. Consumers may argue here that in supermarkets there’s a lot on offer and for a cheap price. Furthermore, supermarkets sell a huge range of different products, ranging from food to furniture to DVDs (‘Evidence in the social sciences’, 2009, track 1). People these days want all the trappings that come with a consumer lifestyle, and at supermarkets they can get these things for cheaper prices compared with independently owned stores, which appeals to the masses. *3* It is obvious to see how independent store owners and market stall owners may feel some animosity towards supermarket s, causing a power-play division. Excellent content and referencing from various sources, well done *3* You have too much of your own opinion in the next to last sentence here, also you need to mention Dennis Wrong’s theory of zero-sum and positive sum games ( Allen, 2009, p. 70). On the other hand however, supermarkets may argue that their shops contribute to regeneration on the high street as people who might not live in the area are drawn to it because of these mega stores and therefore more people are drawn to high street shops. Furthermore, national market statistics could also be seen as favourable to supermarkets. *4* People are drawn into buying more through these big chain stores therefore the economy is not going downhill. Although, the question arises: to what expense? *5* Supermarket owners say that the exploitation of people working in sweatshops still benefits the workers, as factory visits and local wage level comparisons suggest improved living standards (Allen, 2009, p93). However one might argue that this is true yet the workers are not in a position to protest as, if they do, the supermarkets will always find other people who are desperate to earn money, in that same country or another, who will work for them. *2* This might create a divide in consumer society between those who want to carry on consuming without worrying who’s expense it might be at or if the environment is suffering because of it, and those who care about the exploitation of people from third world countries and how the exportation of goods from countries that are far away increases our carbon footprint. *4* We may be a consumer society, but more and more people are becoming aware and active in world-wide issues like poverty and global warming. This creates a divide between those that are environmentally aware and retailers/ shop owners that have workers in third world countries and are exploiting them. Again, excellent content *4* needs referencing more, quantitative evidence can be shown by the inclusion of a few relevant figures with a reference rather than a word discussion *5* do not include extra questions here, just answer the one set In conclusion, it plausible to say our society is seen to be divided in many different ways. The points I have explored, not only show the many divisions that come up in a consumer society, but also propose the question: is a consumer society a sustainable one? Furthermore, is all that we consume globally sustainable? It is possible that our rate of consumption will one day come to a halt. Additionally, one might argue that the many divisions that are created not just between the general public but between shop-owners show that there are cracks beginning to form in our society.

Creating a Positive Classroom Environment Essay

A classroom should be one of inquiry and open-mindedness. In order to foster a classroom of students who feel comfortable asking questions and are open to other students’ ideas it is imperative to create a positive, safe environment and learning community. I believe that students should feel like their classroom has high expectations, in how everyone treated each other, and in how learning took place. Creating a classroom environment where all students feel emotionally and physically safe enough to take risks is a real challenge and one that is worthy of the time it requires. The key to an inquiry-based curriculum is a safe, positive learning environment, therefore, it is foundational that the teacher work to provide, establish, and maintain that throughout the year. In the classroom, the teacher should be working on ways to develop a positive learning community by finding out more about my students. For example, each student should fill out a Who Am I questionnaire so that the teacher can get to know their student’s personalities, hobbies, likes and dislikes and therefore include them in lectures, discussions and explanations through out the year. The teacher should also engage in differentiated instruction in my classroom so that he/she can tailor specific lessons to fit different viewpoints, and abilities of students. This is also a demonstration of care and respect for students as they see their teacher notice certain aspects about their learning or personalities and tailors their instruction to meet their needs. One of the ways I would engage in differentiated instruction is by walking around the room and constantly being available to assist students. By offering them one-on-one assistance I can better gauge where their personal understanding and misconceptions are and tailor my teaching to them differently than I would to the class as a whole. In order to maintain a positive classroom environment, a teacher must use the ability to make quick decisions and to be flexible in the classroom. The teacher needs to make decisions and adjustments to enhance the student motivation, engagement, and productive work. One way I would make adjustments when there are issues in the classroom hindering the productive learning community is to create a new seating chart. I find that this act is often used enough to nip any potential social problems in the bud and sends a message to students that if they want to sit with their friends, they need to earn the privilege. You would be surprised with how a new seating chart for the class can increase productivity and engagement in core subject content instead of social life information. In a science classroom, experiments and lab work are an important way for students to engage in the content. All students in the class should work on labs at the same time with minimal supervision. The teacher must also be cognizant of how the resources of time, space, activities and attention are allocated to students throughout the short hour that they are in class. However, there are more traditional strategy for lab work. The difference comes in how many materials you have for certain labs, how much time it takes for each group of students to complete the experiment, and how tricky the directions are. Deciding which method to employ for a given lab and analyzing the classroom environment to decide which will work best in a given situation. In the Collier County School District it is acceptable to have up to 30 students in each classroom. It is difficult in this type of environment for students to feel that they are an important member of the learning community. I found that it was easy for certain students to disengage from activities and it was hard for the teacher to pick up on their lack of involvement because of the sheer number of other students in the room. Therefore, I thought up of an activity that would give the teacher time to walk around to individual students and check their understanding of the material. This lesson was an ACT preparation lesson where the students would be working on writing organized essays by finding a thesis statement, supporting it and including evidence from newspaper articles. I found that students would initially be hesitant to show their work to the teacher, but when they saw that the teacher would be going around to everyone at their table they became less nervous and more open to share their problems with understanding. When observing a classroom, one student even remarked as the teacher came to her, â€Å"I don’t know what I’m doing. † She was a student that has never raised her hand to ask for help, but with the teachers inevitable arrival she was open to telling her teacher she did not understand. This showed me that if the teacher had not gone around to individual students she would not have told her teacher she did not understand. In order for a classroom to become a learning community it is important that it is organized, and meets clear standards of conduct. An environment in which students are assuming responsibility, participating in  decision-making, working collaboratively and independently, and engaging in purposeful learning activities that use higher order thinking skills and are all pieces of smoothly functioning learning communities. The first lesson that I would present to the class in the fall would be attempting to engage students in a purposeful learning activity that asked them to think deeply about the issues of a the subject that they are in class for. The students would first work together as a class and then the students work individually to show understanding. They were active members of the activity so they had a hand in the decision-making and therefore could assume some ownership and responsibility for the success of the activity. A strategy for engaging students in purposeful activities that promote higher order thinking that is often used in classrooms is asking students to work in pairs to create a concept map from a list of content words. By working in pairs students are collaboratively building understanding and taking responsibility for their own learning plus their partner’s. As mentioned above, in order to have a smoothly functioning learning environment, clear standards of conduct must be established and enforced within the classroom. In order for students to feel safe enough to ask questions, engage in inquiry activities and take risks in their learning. They must feel secure and know that their teacher has clear standards of conduct that will be enforced. The first day of school is a very important day for establishing the standards of conduct that all students are expected to follow. It is also important that student behavior is monitored in a preventative way. One way is by asking a student who is very high-energy and can become disruptive to do small tasks during the hour to keep him engaged, such as feeding the class fish, or putting up the class grade sheet. This particular student can be disruptive and cause problems with other classmates, but with the teacher keeping him engaged when she sees him getting off-task, she is signaling to him that she notices him and has her eyes on his actions. This has been a successful strategy in keeping him out of trouble. However, all issues in a classroom cannot be prevented. Things do sometimes happen despite the best efforts of the teacher to create a safe learning environment. For example, say that you, the teacher had an incident in your classroom where two female students got very angry with each other and yelled loudly and violently at each other and refused to stop. This behavior is very upsetting to the teacher and to the class. And to be successful in resolving the situation, you just have to remove the two students from the class and separate them. In this situation it was important to thoroughly pick up the pieces after the incident was over. This is a very helpful way for a teachers peace of mind and further ability to create a safe learning environment. The teacher should also have individual talks with the students that created the problem. One student in particular would most likely have a very changed attitude about the class after the incident. In order to bring her back to being her enthusiastic self, the teacher should have a one-on-one talk with her, which greatly improved her attitude towards the class. One of the things that would help you to act appropriately when the incident happened in the classroom was the established standards of conduct and consequences that occur if students do not follow the standards. One way to foster students’ ability to engage in dialogue and argumentation and develop the language of thinking is to participate in Socratic seminars in class. Socratic seminars offer a tangible, engaging way for students to develop both ethics and critical thinking, actively and cooperatively. A discussion technique that I would use in my classroom would be an ethical discussion based on the merits and problems with new genetic testing that is available. Students engaged in small groups, then in the large session to discuss their opinions about genetic testing, based on a text they had all read. In order to help the discussion remain civil and productive, I used an ethical discussion framework that was very helpful. In a large classroom of 30 students it is often difficult to make time to meet with students individually to discuss their progress, but it is an important part of teaching that time must be allocated for. Therefore, a lesson plan that can allow the teacher to talk with students individually about an essay they had written. Lets just say that while students were in the Library Center working on ACT preparation tests the teacher then would be able to make time to talk with students individually about the strengths and weaknesses of their essays and what specific things to keep in mind when writing their next essay. This lesson shows a good allocation of time and attention so that students could take away concrete information from the lesson about what they need to work on with their writing and they also saw that their teacher cared about their progress enough to plan a special meeting with them. This one-on-one discussion time between teacher and student is something I do not see a lot of in school and I feel it is very important to include meaningful time talking with each student. In a science classroom it is very important that resources be used appropriately to help promote in-depth, inquiry-based understandings of content. I include it here to demonstrate how helpful it is for teachers to keep up-to-date on literature that is being written on the topics they are teaching. Through reading academic literature they can gain new ideas and insights on how to use technology effectively in their classroom in order to enhance learning and the classroom environment. Creating a positive classroom environment is a very important aspect of effective teaching. In a teachers student teaching placement it has been a priority for to establish and maintain a safe and positive environment where all students can grow, inquire, and learn. I feel strongly that a classroom should always be a safe one for students physically. At times there are going to be things said between students that cannot make it emotionally safe, but you, the teacher can always deal with the issues to send a strong message that your classroom is not a place to come down on peers. I do feel I have more to learn about enacting a true inquiry-based classroom, however. And I know that there are going to be times and lessons where I believe students should be actively involved in inquiry-based projects and if so, I would be very proud of them for their efforts. However, I would like to increase the times that this occurs and make my classroom into a place where students know they are going to question, explore and learn, and not just another stop on their school day schedule.

Batman Hero Essays

Batman Hero Essays Batman Hero Essay Batman Hero Essay Archetypal Heroes Batman Bruce Wayne, also known as Batman The World’s Greatest Detective or The Dark Knight, is best described as an archetypal hero. Batman, the common favorite of comic book nerds, depicts many of the characteristics of an archetypal hero. Unusual circumstances of birth; sometimes in danger or born into royalty: Bruce Wayne was born to Thomas and Martha Wayne, Thomas being the owner and founder of Wayne Enterprises. Thus Bruce was born into a rather large sum of money. When Bruce was still a child his parents were both shot and killed in an alleyway right in front of him. Leaves family or land and lives with others: After his parent’s deaths, Bruce leaves Wayne Mansion to take up training from monks. Here he was trained by fifteen men in the arts of psychology, escapology, numerous martial arts, chemistry and strategy. An event, sometimes traumatic, leads to adventure or quest: Batman became who he is because one night a bat flew into his window and it frightened him, and by becoming what he fears he overcomes it and becomes stronger. As the Batman, he wanted the criminals of Gotham to feel that same fear and terror when they met him, making Batman a personification of fear. Thus the Batman was born! Hero has a special weapon only he can wield: Batman has numerous weapons to his disposal, such as the batarang, bat grapple, bat mobile, bat plane and whatever else he may need. As a man based purely on justice and protection of others, he refuses to use guns. However his most powerful weapons are his mind and body, both of which have been trained and crafted to a level that makes him almost supernatural. When the hero dies, he is rewarded spiritually: Though batman has died almost a dozen times, he has never been spiritually rewarded. He has also never been repented by his father. Though Alfred, his butler and guardian, has forgiven him for everything that has happened, and Bruce accepts him as the closest thing to a father since he raised him after his parent’s passing. The only things you could count as his rewards would be his multiple resurrections. The Hero must prove himself many times while on adventure: Being a seventy year old superhero (Batman first appeared in 1939 in the Detective Comics) he has proven himself numerous times over the years, defeating and riding Gotham of any low life enemy who opposes him.

How to Get Started as a Freelance Writer in 6 Simple Steps

How to Get Started as a Freelance Writer in 6 Simple Steps How to Get Started as a Freelance Writer in 6 Simple Steps How to Get Started as a Freelance Writer in 6 Simple Steps By Ali Hale Would you love to be a freelance writer? Maybe youre hoping to make a bit of money on the side of your day job, or you want to find some work that fits around being at home with your kids much of the day. Perhaps youre hoping to launch a whole new career. You might well be feeling daunted before youve even begun, though. Theres just so much information out there: where do you even start? These  six steps are all you really need in order to get going: Step #1: Find Out How Self-Employment and Tax Works in Your Country Before you start freelancing, it’s important to figure out how self-employment (and particularly tax) works in your own country. You don’t necessarily need to do anything about it right away, but you do need to know what to expect. Here in the UK for instance, sole traders (the simplest set up for a freelancer) don’t have to register with HMRC (the tax authorities) from the first moment they start freelancing. They do need to be ready to submit a self-employed tax return on time, though – e.g. by the end of January 2020 for the tax year 6th April 2018 – 5th Mar 2019. If your country isn’t on this list, just search for â€Å"register as self-employed† and your country name, and you should find plenty of advice. Step #2: Create a  Gmail Account (for Email and Google Docs) Do you have an email address that looks something one of these? chocolatelover@hotmail.com GameofThronesfan@yahoo.com I’m sure it goes without saying that those aren’t very professional looking! Even if your email address uses your name (or your pen name), free providers like hotmail and yahoo have a bit of an â€Å"unprofessional† reputation. Gmail is much better regarded, perhaps because it started out being very popular with techy types, and is now so ubiquitous. So I’d recommend setting up a professional looking email address with Gmail, for now – something like yourname@gmail.com or yournamewriter@gmail.com. One important reason for having a Gmail address is that it also gives you a Google account, which you can use for Google Docs – I find that many clients want to collaborate in this way. If you prefer to have a really professional looking email address, then you’ll need to register a domain name of your own (e.g. mine is www.aliventures.com) and then set up an email address at that domain (mine is ali@aliventures.com). Step #3: Figure Out What Topics You Want to Write About Before you go any further with freelancing, it’s a good idea to figure out what you want to write about. You might think that it’d be best to write about anything and everything, in the hopes you’ll get plenty of work – but the truth is that clients prefer writers who have prior experience in a particular area. You’ll also probably enjoy freelancing more if you’re writing about topics you’re actually interested in. When you’re figuring out which topics to focus on, you might want to consider: Your personal life and experiences – e.g. if you’re a parent to school-age children, you could write about pregnancy, babies, toddlers, etc. Your professional life – e.g. if you work in IT, you might want to specialise in technical writing or in writing for blogs that cover techy topics. Your hobbies – e.g. if you love to craft, then you might want to look for blogs about craft or companies that sell craft supplies to write for. You can switch or add topics as you go forward in your career, but you’ll find it helpful to have some idea of the areas you want to focus on when it comes to the next two steps. Step #4: (Optional) Create a Website You don’t have to have a website in order to freelance – so if this is just a step too far right now, then feel free to skip it. At some point fairly early in your freelancing career, though, you’re going to want to have a web presence. You’ll want somewhere to direct potential customers, whether those are your current contacts, friends of friends, or people who read your guest posts (see Step #5). If you don’t want to spend any money at this stage, I recommend setting up a free website with WordPress.com (just follow their process step by step). Your website will have â€Å"wordpress† in the address, so it’ll look something like yourname.wordpress.com. While this isn’t the most professional option out there, plenty of freelancers do just fine with a free WordPress site – and I think it’s absolutely fine when you’re just starting out. Alternatively, if you’re fairly confident about techy things and if you have a bit of money to invest, I’d recommend purchasing web hosting, registering your own domain name (e.g. yourname.com) and setting up self-hosted WordPress on that site. Most web hosts have a simple â€Å"one click† installation process for WordPress, as it’s so popular. Step #5: Get Some Published Experience Before you can start landing freelancing clients, you need some experience: published pieces that you can show them as examples of your work. But how do you get that experience when you don’t have any clients? One simple way is to write guest posts for large(ish) blogs: a big advantage of these is that your posts will be online, so it’s very easy to send clients a link to them. You can also create a â€Å"Portfolio† page on your website with screenshots of and links to your work. Ideally, you’ll want to target blogs that fit in with the areas you want to write about, so that you’ve got relevant freelancing clips. Most guest posts are written for free, and although some freelancers feel you should never work for free, I think it makes sense to do so when you’re just starting out. (Don’t spend ages at this stage, though; three to five published pieces should be plenty.) You’ll almost always get the opportunity to write a â€Å"bio† to go along with your guest post (normally at the bottom of it). You can use this to promote your freelancing services, writing something like: Ali Luke is a freelance writer, specialising in blog content for small businesses. You can find out more about her and her services at  www.aliventures.com. If you want to freelance for magazines or print publications, rather than blogs or websites, then you’ll want to look for ways to get some experience with print. A good place to look is local free newspapers and magazines – they probably won’t be able to pay, but they’ll likely be very willing to publish your work. Step #6: Start Finding Clients If there’s one thing you take away from this post, make it this: Don’t use content mills. If you’re not sure what a content mill is, it’s a site where you sign up and get sent writing jobs. They often promise lots of work, or tell you how much writers can make – but the reality is that they pay peanuts. They often call themselves â€Å"article writing services†. Textbroker is a well-known one; Copify and iWriter are other examples. Content mills can’t afford to pay much, because their main selling point to their clients is that they’re a cheap way to get lots of content. So where else can you find work? Let family and friends know that you’re freelancing, and tell them what type of work you’re looking for. You never know when someone will know someone! Look at the ProBlogger jobs boards and Freelance Writing Gigs’ daily round-up of writing work. (There are plenty of other similar job boards online, but I’ve found that between these two, they cover all the good opportunities.) Pitch directly to websites (or magazines, or whatever type of publication you want to write for). Target local clients, perhaps with an ad in a local paper, shop window, or library, or by attending local small business networking events. Browse the website of companies that offer services related to your niche and in case they dont have a regularly updated blog contact them offering your writing services and explaining the benefits that fresh content would bring to their website. Think beyond writing articles. You can offer services such as crafting email marketing campaigns, writing e-books and reports, website editing and proofreading and so. Finding your first paying client can feel like a huge hurdle but once youve found one client, more will follow. In case you want more help, I have a 6-week program that covers all the aspects of getting started as a freelance writer, from improving your writing productivity to landing high-paying gigs, from promoting yourself online to running your freelance business efficiently. The course has been offered for 8 years and over 1300 students enrolled during that time. I offer a complete money back guarantee, and surprisingly no one ever asked for it! In order to celebrate its eighth anniversary we are offering the course for just $29, so check it out below before the promotion ends. Above all, if you decide to try freelance writing, make sure you persevere. Getting results takes time, as with virtually all endeavors in life, and the biggest mistake I see aspiring freelance writers making is giving up too soon. Hang in there for 6 to 12 months before you evaluate your results. Good luck! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply withRules for Capitalization in Titles15 Names and Descriptions of Effects

Every AP Calculus AB Practice Test Available Free and Official

Every AP Calculus AB Practice Test Available Free and Official SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the best ways to prepare for the AP Calculus AB exam, as well as stay on top of lessons in class throughout the year, is to take regular practice tests.Taking practice tests lets you estimate how well you’ll do on the AP exam, shows you the areas you need to focus your studies on, and helps you become more comfortable with the format of the AP exam. There are a ton of ABCalc practice tests available, however; not all of them are created equally. Taking a poorly written practice test can give you a false idea of what the real AP exam will be like and cause you to study the wrong things. You can avoid those problems by reading this guide to AP Calculus AB practice tests. I’ll go through every AP Calculus AB practice exam that’s available, tell you which are highest quality, and explain how you should use practice tests when preparing for the AP exam as well as throughout the year. Want to get a perfect 5 on your AP exam and an A in class? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best tutoring service. We combine world-class expert tutors with our proprietary teaching techniques. Our students have gotten A's on thousands of classes, perfect 5's on AP tests, and ludicrously high SAT Subject Test scores. Whether you need help with science, math, English, social science, or more, we've got you covered. Get better grades today with PrepScholar Tutors. Official AP Calculus AB Practice Tests Official practice exams (those developed by the College Board) are always the best to use because you can be sure they’ll be an accurate representation of the real AP exam. There are three types of official practice resources, and each is explained below. Complete Practice Tests The College Board has released two complete exams from prior administrations of the AP Calculus AB exam. The tests are from 1988 and 1998. The 1988 test has an answer key included; however, for some reason, the 1998 exam does not. The College Board provided answers for the free-response questions in a separate document, but there is no official answer key available for the 1998 exam's multiple-choice section. The answer key linked below is unofficial, but no one has publicly disagreed with any of the answers, so it’s highly likely that it’s correct. 1988 AP Calculus AB Released Exam 1998 AP Calculus AB Released Exam Answer Key for 1998 Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Key for 1998 Free-Response Questions Because these exams are from a while back, they both have some format differences compared to the current AP Calculus AB exam. The AP Calculus AB exam is 3 hours and 15 minutes long and has two sections. Both of these sections are divided into two parts.For reference, here’s the current format of the exam: Multiple-Choice Section 45 questions total 1 hour 45 minutes total Worth 50% of your total score Part A: 30 questions 55 minutes long No calculator allowed Part B: 15 questions 50 minutes long Calculator permitted Free-Response Section Six questions total 1 hour 30 minutes total Worth 50% of your total score Part A: Two questions 30 minutes long Calculator permitted Part B: Four questions 60 minutes long No calculator allowed You can only use a calculator for certain sections of the AP exam. Both released exams have the same total number of multiple-choice and free-response questions as the current exam. However, the 1998 test does not have separate parts for the free-response section, and students were allowed to use a calculator to answer all six questions. Neither the multiple-choice nor the free-response sections ofthe 1988 exam were separated into different parts, and students were allowed to use their calculator for the entire exam. The multiple-choice section was also only 90 minutes long, instead of 105 minutes. When you take these exams for practice, it’s not worth the time and effort needed to try and figure out which questions you wouldn’t be allowed to solve with a calculator today. Instead, take the tests with the calculator and timing rules that were in place when the tests were administered. These variations between current and past exams do mean that these two complete released exams don’t give quite as accurate a representation of the current AP exam as the complete released exams for other AP subjects do. However, they are still very useful because they cover the same content and are worded the same way as the current exam. Towards the end of this guide I’ll explain exactly how to use these resources and others. AP Calculus AB Multiple-Choice Sample Questions The College Board often reuses multiple-choice questions for multiple exams, so there are typically few official multiple-choice problems available for any AP exam, AP Calculus AB included. Besides the complete practice tests discussedabove, thereare no full official multiple-choice sections available, but you can check out these official sample questions for Calculus AB. (The questions start on page 5, and there are Calculus BC questions listed after the AB questions; be sure you’re not accidentally looking at those.)This document contains 16 multiple-choice problems, along with answers and the major skills each question tests. There are also two free-response questions. AP Calculus ABFree-Response Sample Questions Fortunately, there are more official free-response questions available and, since they are recent, they provide you with a very accurate idea of what to expect on the real exam. The College Board has released free-response questions from 2002-2017, along with scoring guidelines for each set of questions. These are a great resource, and you should definitely make use of them during your review. Khan Academy Resources Khan Academy has recently partnered with the College Board to provide study resources for the PSAT, SAT, and some AP exams. This includes study resources for AB Calc. On Khan Academy’s website, there are explanation videos for several dozen previously administered questions, both multiple choice and free response. These videos can be particularly helpful if you’ve gotten stuck on one of the official practice problems or if you just want to learn step-by-step how to solve a particular problem. Unofficial AP Calculus AB Practice Tests and Quizzes While not developed by the College Board, unofficial practice resources can still be very useful for your studying, particularly because there are so many resources available. For each resource listed below, I explain what is offered as well as how you should make use of the resource. They are roughly listed from highest quality to lowest quality. Barron’s Barron’s has a complete and free practice test that you can take in timed or untimed mode. The multiple-choice section will be automatically scored, and there are answer explanations for the free-response section so you can self-score. This is a high-quality practice exam with questions that have a similar format and cover the same topics as the real AP exam. You’ll definitely want to use it in your review (more on how to do that in the next section). Shmoop Shmoop is the only resource listed in this guide that requires a fee to access any of its resources. Paying its fee of $24.68 a month gets you access to a diagnostic exam, as well as eight complete practice tests and additional practice questions. It also gets to access to Shmoop’s study materials for other AP exams, as well as the SAT and ACT. Varsity Tutors Varsity Tutors has a collection of three diagnostic tests and 139 short practice quizzes, organized by topic, such as the chain rule and finding the second derivative of a function. Difficulty levels are also given for each of the quizzes. The diagnostic tests are 40-45 questions long (all multiple-choice). They pretty closely represent what questions from the actual AP exam are like, and, as a bonus, the score results show you how well you did in each topic area so you can focus your future studying on the areas you need the most work in. However, these diagnostic tests don’t have calculator and no calculator sections. Albert This site organizes quizzes into the three Big Ideas of Calculus AB, as well as more specific tags you can select (you don’t need to worry about the Series quizzes, that’s just for BC Calc). After creating a free account you can access their hundreds of practice questions (some of the more challenging questions require a paid account). Questions are ranked as easy, moderate, or difficult, they are not timed, and you see the correct answer (plus a detailed explanation) after you answer each question. GetaFive GetaFive offers 182 Calculus AB practice questions, along with 54 review lessons. This is more of an online review course rather than just practice questions, so the questions themselves are spread across the lessons, but if you’re looking for more in-depth explanations of topics, you may find it useful to watch the videos and then answer the accompanying questions. 4Tests This site has a 50-question multiple-choice test. The questions typically easier and more basic than those you’d find on the actual AP exam, but if you’re just starting your review or want to brush up on the basics, this can be a good resource to use. Free Test Online This site has four short quizzes, each 5-8 questions long, along with answer explanations. Two quizzes are multiple-choice, and two are free-response. The free-response questions are much shorter than what you’d encounter on the real AP exam, but you can treat them like slightly more involved multiple-choice questions. The quizzes aren’t long enough for an in-depth practice session, but, unlike many of the other practice materials linked here, they also separate the quizzes on whether or not you’re allowed a calculator. Analyze Math This is a 20-question multiple-choice quiz. The questions are a bit overly simplistic, and it’s not automatically graded, but if you’re just looking for a quick study session, this fits the bill. SparkNotes This is a short quiz, and, unfortunately, it’s not very high-quality. The questions are pretty basic and not nearly as complex or as in-depth as the ones you’ll find on the AP exam. Additionally, the format of this quiz is very poor, and it can be difficult to read. I wouldn’t recommend using this quiz unless you’re really desperate for review questions or you need a very basic quiz to get you started with your review. Want to get a perfect 5 on your AP exam and an A in class? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best tutoring service. We combine world-class expert tutors with our proprietary teaching techniques. Our students have gotten A's on thousands of classes, perfect 5's on AP tests, and ludicrously high SAT Subject Test scores. Whether you need help with science, math, English, social science, or more, we've got you covered. Get better grades today with PrepScholar Tutors. How to Use These AP Calculus AB Practice Tests Knowing how to use each of these practice exams and quizzes will make your studying much more effective, as well as prepare you for what the real AP Calculus AB exam will involve. Below is a guide for when and how to use the resources, organized by semester. First Semester During your first semester of Calc AB, you don’t know enough material for it to be useful to take a complete practice exam. Therefore, you should spend this semester answering quizzes and free-response questions on topics you’ve already covered. You’ll probably want to begin answering practice questions about halfway through the semester. Free-Response Practice For free-response questions, use the official released free-response questions in the Official Resources section. Look through them to find questions you can answer based on what you’ve already learned. It’s best if you can take a group of them (up to six) together at a time in order to get the most realistic preparation for the real AP exam. It also helps to time yourself when answering these questions, particularly as it gets later in the year. On the real AP exam, you’ll have about 15 minutes to answer each free-response question, so try to answer practice questions under those same time restrictions. Multiple-Choice Practice For multiple-choice practice, take unofficial quizzes that letyou choose the subject(s) you want to be tested on. This will allow you to review content you’ve already learned and not have to answer questions on material you haven’t covered yet. The best resources for this are Albert and Varsity Tutorsbecause their quizzes are clearly broken up by specific subject. Sometimes the numbers can get overwhelming. Don't forget to take a break every now and then. Second Semester Second semester is when you can begin to take complete practice exams and continuing to review content you’ve learned throughout the year. Step 1: Take and Score Your First Complete Practice Exam Early on in this semester, when you have covered a majority of the content you need to know for the AP exam, take your first complete practice exam. This test should be taken in one sitting and with official timing rules (see how the AP test is formatted above). For this first practice test, I recommend using the Barron’s exam and saving the official practice exams for down the line. After you take this practice test, correct the exam and see what score you earned on the test. This is a good time to set a score goal if you haven’t already. The minimum score you should be aiming for is a 3, since this is the lowest passing score. However, if you scored a 3 or higher on this first practice exam, it’s a good idea to set your goal score even higher, to a 4 or 5. Getting a higher score on the AP Calculus AB exam looks more impressive to colleges, and it can sometimes get you more college credit. Step 2: Analyze Your Score Results After you’ve figured out your score, look over each problem you answered incorrectly and try to figure out why you got the question wrong. As you’re doing this, look for patterns in your results. Are you finding that you got a lot of questions on antiderivatives wrong? Did you do well on multiple choice but struggled with free response? Did you get slowed down by questions you couldn’t use a calculator to answer? Figuring out which problems you got wrong and why is the best way to stop repeating your mistakes and begin to make significant improvements. Don’t be tempted to skip this step! Step 3: Focus Your Studying on Weak Areas You should now have a good idea of what subject areas or skillsyou need to work on in order to raise your score.If there are specific content areas you need to work on, review them by going over your notes, reading a review book, and answering multiple-choice and free-response questions that focus specifically on those topics. If you’re struggling with your test-taking techniques, for example, running out of time on the exam or misreading questions, the best way to combat these issues is to answer a lot of practice questions under realistic testing conditions. Take timed quizzes or time yourself for quizzes that aren’t automatically timed. (On the real exam, you’ll get about two minutes for multiple-choice questions you can’t use a calculator to solve, a little more than three minutes for multiple-choice questions where you can use a calculator, and 15 minutes per free-response question.) Taking multiple practice quizzes and tests will help you become more familiar with the pacing needed for the AP exam. Step 4: Take and Score Another Practice Exam After you’ve identified your weak areas and spent time to improve them, it’s time to see how all your hard work paid off. Take and score another complete practice exam, timed and taken in one sitting. I’d recommend using either an official released practice exam or, if you want more recently-created questions, creating your own practice test by combining a set of unofficial multiple-choice questions (such as the Varsity Tutors or 4Testsexam) with a set of official free-response questions. If you choose the second option, you should have a total of 45 multiple-choice questions for the first part of the exam. As with the first test, this should be taken timed and in one sitting. When you take this second practice exam, remember that it won’t be formatted exactly the same way as the real AP test, wherethe multiple-choice and free-response sections will both be broken into two parts,only one of which you can use a calculator on. Step 5: Review Your Results to Determine Your Future Study Plan Now you’re able to see how much you’ve improved, and in which areas, since you took your first complete practice exam.If you’ve made improvements and have reached or are close to your target score, you may only need to do some light studying from now until the AP exam. However, if you haven’t made much improvement, or you’re still far from your score goal, you’ll need to analyze the way you’ve been reviewing and think of ways to improve. The most common reason for not improving is not actively studying, butonly passively leafing through your notes or reviewing missed questions. Even though it may seem to take a while, in the long run, carefully analyzing why you made the mistakes you did and devising ways to improve is really the only significant way to raiseyour score. As you’re studying, be sure to really understand exactly where you made a mistake for every practice question you answer incorrectly. Also, when you’re reviewing notes, pause every few minutes and mentally go over what you just learned to make sure you’re really retaining the information. You can repeat these steps as many times as you need to in order to make improvements and reach your target score. Studying WithAP Calculus AB Practice Exams: Key Tips It would be difficult to score well on the AP Calculus AB exam without completing anypractice exams.Official resources are the best to use, but there are plenty of high-quality unofficial quizzes and tests out there as well. During yourfirst semester, you should focus on answering free-response and multiple-choice questions on topics you’ve already covered in class. During your second semester, follow these steps: Take and score your first complete practice exam Analyze your score results Focus your studying on weak areas Take and score another complete practice exam Review your results to determine your future study plan What's Next? Now that you have your practice tests, do you want to know more about the AP Calculus AB Exam? Our guide explains the complete format of the test, the question types you'll see, and how to best prepare for the exam. (coming soon) How many AP classes should you take?Get your answer based on your interests and your college goals. Wondering how challenging other AP classes will be? Learn what the easiest AP classesareand what the hardest AP classes are so that you're prepared! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Several authors have conceptualized change as a planned, sequential Essay

Several authors have conceptualized change as a planned, sequential process. What are the strengths and the limitations of these - Essay Example Technology has made it necessary for organizations to embrace change a great deal. The planned and sequential change has its own strengths and limitations. Types of organizational change Irgens, E. J., 2009. Institutional Bridging: Change Projects as Creators and Carriers of Knowledge. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 7(2), pp.162-171 According to Irgens (2009, p.168), there are various types of change that can occur in an organization. There is the mission change, which occurs when an organization changes its goals. This is driven by the market trends and the current technological advancements. The strategic changes mainly focus on the fundamental key issues of the strategic planning of the organization. Operational changes may also occur and they result into a transition of the manner in which organizational tasks and operations are carried out. This type of change also includes structural changes. Technological change is another critical aspect in any organization. It inc ludes the change of the technological infrastructure, such as the software, hardware, other technological resources including the personnel and anything related to technology. Furthermore, the change in organizational culture is a significant element in any organization. ... International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 23 (5/6), p. 546. According to Bamford & Forrester (2003, p.546), by carrying out change in a sequential and planned process, the following benefits can be obtained. First and foremost, it leads to an effective communication which ensures that all the stakeholders and the departments in an organization are effectively informed of the reasons for change and why it is important for them as individuals and the organization at large. This leads to a successful implementation of the changes that are to be conducted whether operational, strategic, cultural, and technological among others. The models also ensure that effective education, training, and upgrading schemes are devised. This is very important especially when the process is effectively and efficiently planned as it makes the staff ready and prepared to take up the change. With the necessary training and development of skills among all the stakeholders, readiness to take up the process is cultivated among them. Moreover, when the change is conducted in a planned and sequential manner, the resistance from employees is countered. If this change is abrupt, it is certain that there would be a lot of resistance coming from employees. Its sequential and planned approach alleviates the organization from this dilemma. Besides, it alleviates fears that come with it. Quite often, change is associated with fear. People want to remain the way they are. They are happy and contented as they are. Abrupt changes can mean substantial amount of fear in an organization. As such, conducting it in a planned and sequential manner is welcome and highly appropriate for any organization. Pavlak, A., 2004. Project Troubleshooting: Tiger Teams for Reactive Risk

Colonial America to Road to Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Colonial America to Road to Revolution - Essay Example The slave trade was not an output of any raids by Europeans bur Africans themselves were sellers of other Africans and Europeans were purchasers. Slavery was not something new for Europe as Christians and Moslems enslaved each other in wars. However, the slaves were considered the members of society and slavery was not shifted to their children. With the passage of time, Europeans were in need of labor due to which, they moved towards Africa for black gold, a term that they used of African slaves. Africans were transported to European colonies for the labor needs. Black slaves were considered the strength of English men. Black slaves increased in number in white populations and the white population started considering that the Africans are naturally slaves. Soon, the slaves gained the status of chattels that had no rights of their own. Due to mass enslavement, the white man became more and more prejudiced racially. I like the essay as a detailed history is given about the slavery and the practices of Europeans towards African slaves. The writer has given the detailed account of the arrival of black people in a white people’s country in a persuasive

English Language in UAE Universities Research Paper

English Language in UAE Universities - Research Paper Example The United Arab Emirates (UAE), a federation of seven Arab Emirates, is no exempt from the far-reaching influence of the English language. Despite the fact that the UAE recognizes Arabic as the official language, the region uses English as the Lingua Franca. This implies that English serves as the working and unifying the g language in the UAE. Virtually every job in the region requires some English speaking abilities. Further, for the advancement of education beyond junior level, Emiratis are expected to be fluent in English. However, critics insist that mandatory use of English as an instructional language in higher education is gradually eroding the quality of Arabic and undermining the cultural identity of Arab students. It is imperative to note that the UAE holds a high rank among global nations, in terms of higher education applications and enrollment. This could partly be attributed to the fact that the UAE government funds university education and many have come to perceive t his as a right for every Emirati. Most of the instructors in these institutions of higher learning are foreigners, emphasizing the need for a common language. UAE higher education is primarily based on four policy provisions; one among them being predominant use of English as an instruction language (Findlow, 2006). In support of the UAE government’s policy of English instruction in universities, the UAE Ministry of Higher Education places emphasis on specific university admission standards. This ministry with the help of the UAE Ministry of Education, which governs lower education levels, set specific language objectives for schooling in the country (Findlow, 2006). For instance, if a student wants to enroll in a federal institution of higher education, he or she must take a test that measures their proficiency in the English language. Students who score below the stipulated minimal level are usually denied admission even to English-language curricula at the pre-baccalaureat e level. This further implies that the students cannot join any of the three UAE federal universities. More than 90 percent of the accepted students must undergo remedial English training before being allowed to commence studies in their respective degree programs. These standards must be altered slightly to become a bit lenient and avoid denying students the opportunity to further their studies. For example, English learning programs can be increased at primary and secondary levels, but still run concurrently with Arabic lessons. This would give students a higher chance of passing the preliminary university admission exams. Close to a third of government universities’ budgets are used to support Basic English courses after the admission of students. These pre-entry English foundation programs are usually blamed for excessive utilization of resources that would otherwise be distributed throughout the education chain. These programs also waste significant time, since undergrad uates end up taking five or six years to complete their degrees.

Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Final - Essay Example To begin with, The Caddo lived in the Eastern Texas region while the Apache resided in the Great Plains. While the Caddo mainly occupied areas that had plenty of rainfall, the Apache mainly lived in dry areas. The Caddo lived in wooden houses that they built from trees found in nearby forests. The Apache, on the other hand, had no permanent homes and were nomadic in nature. Finally, whereas the Caddo were reliant on farming for their food, the Apache relied heavily on hunting, especially buffalo and deer for their food (Bowen 32). 2. Identify and discuss the responsibilities and authority of an empresario Emperesario, Spanish for entrepreneur, were contractors who were empowered, by the Texan government, to recruit particular family numbers to their territory (Weaver 18). Citizens from Mexico were mostly preferred as empresarios, although most of them were American citizens. These empresarios got land grants to settle colonists that they had recruited. However, they had no ownership of the land. The empresario had the responsibility to survey land, as well as issue title deeds for the lands. Grants to the empresarios extended to the northwest into the Great Plains from the Texan Gulf Coast Plain and across Balcones escarpment. The empresarios accepted to recruit at least 100 families in a span of six years, as well as acting as immigration agents. They were not compensated or paid for their work up front. However, after settling at least one hundred families on the grants given to them and fulfilling their contracts in the process, they got their own land. For every batch of 100 families settled, they were given 22,140 acres pastureland by the state and 885 acres of farmland (Weaver 20). If they were able to settle at least 800 families, they could get compensation, which made them very wealthy. 3. Identify the 3 most outstanding leaders of the Texan forces and Mexican Forces and the 3 least successful leaders One successful leader of the Mexican-American War w as Commodore Matthew C. Perry who was in command of the US Mississippi and the Home Squadron second-in-command. He led expeditions against Laguna, Tabasco, and Frontera that were successful and operated against remnant Mexican, port cities, whereas attacking Tabasco and capturing Tuxpan. General Stephen Kearny was another successful leader who was in command of the Western Army, leading an occupation force against California and New Mexico (Raabe 101). He achieved a bloodless conquest, in August 1846, of New Mexico. Finally, General Andres Pico led an attack on Stephen Kearny’s forces in san Pasqual and dealt Kearny a hard blow. While he was eventually forced back, he was briefly put in charge of Mexican Alta California when the US provisional government was established. One of the least successful leaders in the war was General Mariano Arista who lost numerous battles against General Zachary Taylor and left one of his armies in shambles, ending active field command. Governor Manuel Armijo also made a call to arms that brought untrained soldiers to Santa Fe, whom he sent home after general Kearny prevailed, on him, to give up, retreating to Chihuahua, and leaving General Kearny to take Santa Fe sans a battle (Raabe 103). Finally, General Pedro de Ampudia failed to defend Saltillo after losing the support of the inhabitants and was removed by Santa Anna; this resulted in him becoming an administrator for, the rest of the war. 4. The administration

England Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

England - Essay Example This has resulted in the death of many people and some have become physically impaired and cannot be able to fend for their families. Minors are also employed under these severe working conditions (Mokyr 101). We would like the government to pass laws that will set the minimum wage and minimum working hours to prevent employers from exploiting us. We would also like the government to put in place laws that will ensure our safety is guaranteed while working. For example: factory owners should be required to purchase protective gear for their employees and compensate those who lose their lives or become physically impaired in the line of duty. Finally, we would like the government to improve on sanitation facilities within the city, build more schools for our children, hospitals and improve on security. This is because the population has grown tremendously and some of these facilities already in place cannot cater for the needs to the city residents. This will go a long way in improving our

Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Final - Essay Example To begin with, The Caddo lived in the Eastern Texas region while the Apache resided in the Great Plains. While the Caddo mainly occupied areas that had plenty of rainfall, the Apache mainly lived in dry areas. The Caddo lived in wooden houses that they built from trees found in nearby forests. The Apache, on the other hand, had no permanent homes and were nomadic in nature. Finally, whereas the Caddo were reliant on farming for their food, the Apache relied heavily on hunting, especially buffalo and deer for their food (Bowen 32). 2. Identify and discuss the responsibilities and authority of an empresario Emperesario, Spanish for entrepreneur, were contractors who were empowered, by the Texan government, to recruit particular family numbers to their territory (Weaver 18). Citizens from Mexico were mostly preferred as empresarios, although most of them were American citizens. These empresarios got land grants to settle colonists that they had recruited. However, they had no ownership of the land. The empresario had the responsibility to survey land, as well as issue title deeds for the lands. Grants to the empresarios extended to the northwest into the Great Plains from the Texan Gulf Coast Plain and across Balcones escarpment. The empresarios accepted to recruit at least 100 families in a span of six years, as well as acting as immigration agents. They were not compensated or paid for their work up front. However, after settling at least one hundred families on the grants given to them and fulfilling their contracts in the process, they got their own land. For every batch of 100 families settled, they were given 22,140 acres pastureland by the state and 885 acres of farmland (Weaver 20). If they were able to settle at least 800 families, they could get compensation, which made them very wealthy. 3. Identify the 3 most outstanding leaders of the Texan forces and Mexican Forces and the 3 least successful leaders One successful leader of the Mexican-American War w as Commodore Matthew C. Perry who was in command of the US Mississippi and the Home Squadron second-in-command. He led expeditions against Laguna, Tabasco, and Frontera that were successful and operated against remnant Mexican, port cities, whereas attacking Tabasco and capturing Tuxpan. General Stephen Kearny was another successful leader who was in command of the Western Army, leading an occupation force against California and New Mexico (Raabe 101). He achieved a bloodless conquest, in August 1846, of New Mexico. Finally, General Andres Pico led an attack on Stephen Kearny’s forces in san Pasqual and dealt Kearny a hard blow. While he was eventually forced back, he was briefly put in charge of Mexican Alta California when the US provisional government was established. One of the least successful leaders in the war was General Mariano Arista who lost numerous battles against General Zachary Taylor and left one of his armies in shambles, ending active field command. Governor Manuel Armijo also made a call to arms that brought untrained soldiers to Santa Fe, whom he sent home after general Kearny prevailed, on him, to give up, retreating to Chihuahua, and leaving General Kearny to take Santa Fe sans a battle (Raabe 103). Finally, General Pedro de Ampudia failed to defend Saltillo after losing the support of the inhabitants and was removed by Santa Anna; this resulted in him becoming an administrator for, the rest of the war. 4. The administration

Milton Babbitt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Milton Babbitt - Essay Example Such a composer creates a commodity that has negative market value and is little performed. A condition of musical and societal isolation is created which gives the composer an advantageous position to forward his music. It also results in the creation of new music. The music employs a tonal quality that is more efficient than its derivatives. The increase of meaningful pitch materials and the functions associated with the musical event would be multiplied. Each event is located in a five dimensional musical space that is determined by pitch-class, register, dynamic, duration and timbre. Musical compositions under discussion possess a high degree of contextuality and autonomy. The principles of relatedness which determines the coherence of continuity are more likely to evolve in the course of the work rather than from generalized assumptions. In many fundamental respects this music is â€Å"new†. It represents a vast extension of the methods of other music. Such rooted composition elicits comparable knowledge and experience from the listener. A listener will be puzzled and bored by such a composition. This is understandable but what is undesirable is the translation of this boredom into resentment. Advanced music reflects the knowledge and originality of the composer. It can scarcely be expected to appear intelligible to a person whose musical knowledge is less than extensive. A person with limited knowledge of music is not capable of understanding advanced music just as a layman is not equipped to make sense out of advanced mathematical theories. Circularity seems to be the norm where criticism is concerned and personal tastes are converted based on general principles. For most critics, the music they dislike is â€Å"not music† and if they do not like the music of certain composers, then they are â€Å"not composers.† Therefore passing judgment or criticism on music is best left to professional journals. The music critic understands that

Unemployment in the Recent Recession Essay Example for Free

Unemployment in the Recent Recession Essay The United States of America is currently suffering from an economic recession as the country’s economy is taking a steep decline. In line with this recession, the unemployment rate has also risen to the highest level it reached within twenty-six years. In addition, Americans have been cutting their expenses and are living below their means. Furthermore, their expenses are expected to go higher without knowing when it would stop. The recession indeed caused a major set back on the United States wealth, cutting the net worth of every household in the States. The unemployment rate hit 8. 1% as the United States lost more than four million jobs since the recession began; a quarter of million jobs lost coming from the areas of construction and manufacturing. In addition, people with part-time jobs who are looking for full time jobs bubbled to 14. 8% of the total number of employed workers. In this light, economists have predicted that if the decline of the U. S economy continues, the unemployment rate in the country will reach 10%. And if the economy continues to worsen, the lowest employment rate in the history of the United States will be reached (Evans). After the surge in unemployment, many Americans have cut down their expenses. Even though some still have decent and stable jobs, they still feel the need of to save their money. They curtail their spending by going to discount stores. In line with cutting down their expenses, most Americans opt to settle on their old stuff which are still usable, rather than buying new ones. Moreover, parents encourage their children to spend little and save their money. In addition, people who used to dream of studying in private colleges are now looking for state colleges (Dougherty). Consumer purchase is indeed an important indicator of an economy’s progress since it is occupies a great part in the country’s Gross Domestic Product or GDP. As such, a decline in the consumer purchase largely affects the GDP in general. Consequently, a lower GDP would also mean that the country also has lower revenue (Dougherty). Aside from lower revenues, the thrifty lifestyle that most Americans are now keeping is also said to have negative effects on employment. The cut on spending by Americans who have, as economists say, buying power, depletes the consumer demand. As a result, companies will decrease their production before the prices go down because of oversupply. In line with this, more employees had to be laid off from their work. Thus, every healthy consumer who does not buy what he or she should buy is making his or her contributions on the increasing unemployment rate and on the economic recession (Evans). However, consumers who still have jobs should not be blamed if they have opted to cut down their spending. They too, are being plagued by the current economic recession; and as such, they are also dealing with their own problems. Most of them are concerned with the shrinking value of their retirement funds and other investments. In addition, most of them are also afraid to lose their jobs. As such, they tend to save more for their future (Dougherty). Furthermore, the rise in unemployment and curtailing of expenses by Americans tend to lower the wealth of the United States. Accordingly, the wealth of every American household has lessened; as such, most Americans are expected to lose money everyday rather than earn. In addition, mortgages and credit-card debts have already reached the total of 13 trillion dollars. In line with this, the equity of house owners already fell to 43%; which means that the value of houses has declined to 43% of the original price because of mortgages and loans (Kalita). With these situations at hand, the government should be held responsible in creating a probable solution to recover from the recession. Indeed, government officials have been working overtime to restore the country’s economy progress. As such, the government has released billions of dollars to fund American companies that were greatly affected by the recession. This act from the government has helped to save 3. 5 million of jobs for the American employees. Also, a part of this fund will be used to finance government programs that will help Americans to get back to their normal life again. This stimulus fund, as Summers said in his address to the Brookings Institution, will be used for the purpose of recovery and expansion. Unfortunately, the government does not know when the recession will be over. Furthermore, Summers said that they spend large amounts of money everyday on the financial system to get the economy back to its feet again (Barkley and Pulizzi). However, even as the American economy positively reacts and flourishes again, Americans will not immediately feel its effects on the employment sector. This is due to the fact that the employment sector is an avenue of the economy that is slow to react in response to economic growth. It means that even if the economic situation of the United States improved, the employment rate is likely to move up little by little every month. Thus, the government would have to create more jobs to ensure that there is a large scale increase in jobs. They have to work on livelihood programs to help unemployed people to cope with the ongoing recession (Evans). The government is perceived to do all it can to attend to the needs of the American people and to surpass the current financial crisis. As such, they have released funds in order to support companies that are in need of help and also generated plans to further help the people. In addition, they have constantly encouraged the American people to help in building the blocks to stop the ongoing crisis. The government pronounced that healthy consumers should not be afraid in spending more to increase consumer demand and help the economy to move in the right direction. If the consumer purchases increase, the government revenue will also increase, thus pulling the economy up (Barkley and Pulizzi). As unemployment rate continuously increases, the U. S government may take longer to provide probable solution to the economy. However, the President of the United States and the government has shown that they are optimistic that the economy will recover. They believe that the programs that they are executing and planning will help the economy to become stronger and move towards recovery. And consequently, the problems of unemployment will be eradicated, thus helping Americans to live a better life. Works Cited Barkley, Tom, and Henry Pulizzi. 14 March 2009. â€Å"Summers: Timing of Turnaround Is Unclear. † Wall Street Journal. 20 March, 2009 http://online. wsj. com/article/SB123695590029320001.html. Dougherty, Conor. 7 March, 2009. â€Å"Those Who Are Still Working Spend Less, Deepening Gloom. † Wall Street Journal. 20 March, 2009 http://online. wsj. com/article/SB123638518267558311. html? mod=relevancy. Evans, Kelly. 8 March, 2009. †Jobless Rate Tops 8%, Highest in 26 Years†. Wall Street Journal. 20 March, 2009 http://online. wsj. com/article/SB123634566437552601. html. Kalita, S. Mitra. 13 March, 2009. â€Å"Americans See 18% of Wealth Vanish. † Wall Street Journal. 20 March, 2009 http://online. wsj. com/article/SB123687371369308675. html.

Types of Foundations, Building Frames and Partitions

Types of Foundations, Building Frames and Partitions TASK 1.1 Alternative sub-structure solutions: In any building the superstructure, substructure (foundations) and the supporting soil acts in a coordinated way to give structural stability. Therefore the foundations act as connection between superstructure and the ground. Successful foundations should be: Foundations must be at minimum depth and size without exceeding the allowable bearing capacity of the soil. They must be strong enough to provide stability to the supporting structure. They must be able to withstand natural ground movements from corrosive chemicals, frost, moisture and heat. They must be economical and sustainable. For our Englemere Village project we used Strip and Pad foundations. Foundations can be classified as: Shallow Foundations Strip Foundations Traditional Strip Foundations Trench fill Foundations Combined- Stepped Foundations Pad Foundations Rafts Pier and Beam Foundations Deep Foundations Piled Foundations Displacement Piles Replacement Piles Shallow Foundations The foundations which are placed beneath the lowest part of the structure and near to the ground level are shallow foundations. Strip Foundations Strip foundations are the most common foundations used in construction, it is a strip of concrete running under all load bearing walls. The depth and the width of the strip foundations depends on the nature of the soil and superstructure load, they can be 500-700 mm wide and as deep as per the nature of the soil/ground. Strip foundations can be either traditional strip or trench fill and both can be stepped. Traditional Strip Foundations Strip foundations are used where soil has good bearing capacity. Load is transmitted at 45 degrees angle from the base of the wall. The width of strip foundation is three times the width of the wall. Thickness should be at least 150 mm, but 300 mm is most commonly used. Depth should be 450 mm minimum measured from finished ground level to protect from frost attack. See Appendix 1. Trench fill Foundations Trench fill is quicker and more cost effective than traditional strip. The thickness should not be less than 500 mm and should finish 150 mm below ground level. Trench should be dug to a depth where subsoil provides sufficient load bearing capacity, usually it is 1m deep. See Appendix 2. Stepped Foundations Stepped foundations are used on sloping sites. As top of foundation has to be level and on slopping sites foundations can end up too deep. Stepped foundations reduce the amount of excavating and cost. The step should not be bigger than the thickness of foundation and should work with heights of the bricks. Overlap should be at least twice the height of the step. Raft foundations Reinforced concrete raft is used when bearing capacity of soil is low. It spreads the load from structure over a large area. Reduces the amount of excavating. Concrete raft is usually at least 150 mm thick. Sometimes the raft is thickened under load bearing walls. See appendix 3. Pad foundations Pad foundations are used when isolated loads need to be supported, spreading the load to the ground below. They are used for columns or framed buildings. Pad foundations are constructed from reinforced concrete. See Appendix 4. Pier and beam foundations Pier and beam foundations are made from brick, block or timber piers on concrete pads. Beams sit on the piers and are usually raised above the ground to create a crawl space underneath. Pier and beam is a cost effective foundation for smaller buildings. See appendix 5. Deep Foundations The foundations that are constructed below ground level while using artificial arrangements such as piles can be termed as deep foundations. Pile foundations Pile foundations are used to transfer load of superstructure through weak soil onto strong soil or rock. Piles can be displacement or replacement. Pile caps or beams sit on top of the piles. See appendix 6. Displacement piles are driven into the ground by pushing the soil out of the way. They are friction piles. This method is very noisy and vibrating. But there is no soil to be removed from site. One of displacement methods is helical screw piling. A helical pile consists of a galvanised steel shaft onto which is welded a series of circular steel plates. They are power drilled in to the ground. Advantages are: fast installation, vibration and noise free, sustainability (can be removed and reused). Replacement piles remove soil and replaces with reinforced concrete. They are end bearing piles. All soil needs to be removed from site but it is less vibrating and noisy than displacement pilling. Causes of Foundation Failure Failure in transferring the load between superstructure and soil can lead to building movement and cracking, but failure of foundations cannot be held alone responsible for cracking there can be other reasons for these kind of damages. Seasonal movements, chemical attack, building alterations, trees, soil creep and variable ground conditions are few causes of foundation failures. Alternative systems for structures, envelope and roof coverings Constructed structures start with architectural and engineering plans, however all structures follow basic design steps as follows; Preparing the site Installing foundations Building the framework Enclosing the structure Finishing the exterior and interior Completing the site Building the Framework The framework depends on the foundations as foundations provide base for building the framework. Floors, interior and exterior walls, ceilings and roof are included in the building process of framework. Therefore framework provides a rigid shape and structure to the buildings. Brick and block is a traditional method of building. Brick and block houses use a cavity wall construction with a gap filled with insulation. These walls are load bearing, they support floor joist and roof. In MMC (modern method of construction) systems for structures framing process is mostly done offsite and are only erected on site. MMC system provides much quicker way of building. There are different types of frames as listed below are used in MMC systems for structures. Steel frame Timber frame Portal frame Concrete frame Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) Insulated Concrete Framework (ICF) Steel frame Steel frame construction is a quick way of building as all the parts are manufactured offsite. It is a lightweight structure compared to traditional masonry or block work. Steel frame can be used from domestic housing to really tall skyscrapers and it is a sustainable way of building as steel can be recycled many times. The skeleton is formed from vertical steel columns and horizontal I beams. All the loads are transferred to foundation through columns. Timber frame Timber frame panelling system is another fast construction method used in domestic housing. All panels and roof trusses are made offsite and erected on site in a number of days. It has 30% shorter building times than brick and block. This means the house is water tight more quickly and other trades can start work sooner. Timber frame has higher insulation properties than brick and block. Portal frame Portal frames are used for a single storey construction which requires a large floor space for example: warehouse, factories or supermarkets. It has no intermediate columns that mean large open space areas can be created within the structure. It is manufactured offsite – fast construction. Concrete frame RC (reinforced concrete) frame is a very common type of building. The skeleton is made out of vertical columns, horizontal beams and slab in between. Concrete is cast into formwork. SIP (structural insulated panels) SIPS have very good insulation value and structural strength. SIPS panels can be used in walls, floors and roofs for domestic, industrial and other constructions. SIPS are made from Polystyrene (EPS) sandwiched between two Oriented Strand Boards (OSB) making them lightweight and quick to erect by interlocking them together. ICF (Insulated Concrete Framework) ICF involves building a site with laying a series of hollow blocks, made up of expanded polystyrene (EPS) and then are pumped with ready-mixed concrete. EPS provides a high insulation wrapping around the concrete once the structure is finished. This framing system not only provides speedy construction but also it gives a protection against sudden climatic changes. Although adopting ICF will cost higher than an average timber frame build but it can provide reduced construction times and lower energy bills. Thin Joint Thin joint provides improved thermal performance and building accuracy over conventional brick and block construction. The structures are made with large aircrete block and quick drying mortar. 75% less mortar is used. This thin joint framing can be erected in no time, furthermore it provides a stability to the overall structure and an adaptation to extend the building at later date. The MMC building systems are used in order to save construction time and the cost of the construction but they must be used after reviewing the local construction laws and other weather conditions. Building Envelope The building envelope acts as a physical separator between an exterior and interior environment, therefore it can be termed as the building enclosure. It provides a shell to maintain an indoor environment of any building, it also helps in facilitating the climate control. Building envelope is exterior skin of the building that separates interior from exterior. It protects building from rain, wind and sun. Envelope includes external walls and roofs. External walls used in an envelope can be classified as follows Cavity Walls Stone cladding Load bearing stone masonry walls Glazed concrete blocks Wood cladding External walls in making an envelope must provide the bearing, insulation and shape to the building. To give more insulation to the external walls they must have insulating fillings, separate insulating layer and air insulating layer. Roof coverings Roof covering must bear the following functions; Protection of the building against rainfall, snowfall etc and other weather conditions. Protection against cold, heat, overheating, wind and noise. Protection against fire. To cover all these protections roof covering must have the following items in its architectural design Water proofing insulation Thermal insulation Wind stability Sound insulation Roofs are divided into Flat and Pitched. Flat roofs could be: Ash felt, felt, EDPM, Fibre glass, glass. Pitched roofs could be: lean to, couple, purlin, mansard, trussed, hipped, trussed rafter, attic truss. MMC alternatives for partition walls Partitions are the vertical walls or panels that are used to divide portions of the building and they can be classified as load bearing or non-load bearing. Traditionally timber was used as partitions but with the advancement in construction methods and the use of light weight partitioning and light weight insulation block, its use as a partition is decreasing significantly. Partitions can be constructed using various materials, but the most common types of partitions are: Timber Stud Partitions. Metal Stud or Dry wall Partitions. Glass Partitions. Sliding Partitions Room dividers Re-locatable office Partitions Timber Stud Partition Timber stud partitions are non-load bearing and light weight partitions. Timber stud partitions consist of wooden framework between horizontal head and sole pieces at the top and bottom of the framework and a series of uprights called studs holding the whole framework. The noggings are intermediate stiffening material placed between the studs to ensure the overall stability of the framework. Timber frame partitions are formed with butt joints or framing anchors to significantly facilitate the low labour cost and speed of erection. Plasterboard is usually used as a covering material for timber partitions. Metal Stud or Dry wall Partitions Metal stud partitions are non-load bearing partitions consisting of a metal studding framework. This metal studding makes the partitions light weight but comparatively strong and stable than timber stud partitions. They can be covered with ordinary plasterboards or special fire resistant sheets, which on final sealing can make these partitions sound proof as well as fire resistant. Metal stud partitions are quick and easy to erect, they are cost effective, sustainable for all types of buildings and they are available in variety of finishes. Due to these strong characteristics metal stud partitions are mostly used in public buildings and hospitals. The metal studs are manufactured from galvanised steel sheet folded into various shaped sections which slot into each other. The sections are produced in various lengths ranging from 2.4 m to 6 m in length and widths ranging from 50 mm to 146 mm. Glass partitions Glass fulfils an important role in creating divisions between indoors and out as well as between individual interior spaces. The technical advances in the material mean that it is suitable for a wider range of applications than ever before. †¢ Double single glazed options †¢ Excellent acoustic performance up to 47db (Rw) †¢ Attractive and Stylish †¢ Full range of manifestation options †¢ Wide range of profile colours †¢ 10mm and 12mm glazing †¢ Option of standard height or full height doors Single glazing can be used where clean lines and an aesthetically pleasing design are essential. The partitioning is designed with the minimum amount of framework to give a frameless appearance. To maintain the open feel of the office environment frameless doors or framed glass doors are fitted within the system using floor pivots and patch fittings or floor springs if required. Where desired or in order to comply with building regulations, fully glazed panels have manifestation film applied to them. These can be used to simply highlight the presence of the partitions, create individual designs or incorporate company logos using either 10/12mm toughened glass depending on the height of the partition, glazing is achieved with the use of clear glazing gaskets that remove the need for silicone around the perimeter of the system. Vertical silicone joints maintain the visual simplicity of the product or clear plastic jointing sections to provide dry joints between glass panels. Appendix 1 Traditional strip foundations Appendix 2 Trench fill foundations Appendix 3 Raft foundations Appendix 4 Pad foundations Appendix 5 Pier and beam foundations Appendix 6 Pile foundations